Saxsons Group

Cyclotron SOP · O-18 Enriched Water

From cold-chain receipt to per-shot record — the chain the AERB inspector reads.

The cyclotron GMP file traces input CoA → vial → shot → F-18 batch → downstream radiopharmaceutical → released patient dose. This page is the six-step lot-release SOP, the six-step target-loading and recovery workflow, and the ten CoA fields the inspector reads off the dossier.

Lot release — six steps

From cold-chain receipt to GMP-file release

  1. 1

    Cold-chain receipt + transport log review

    Verify the lot arrived within the cold-chain temperature envelope by reading the packed transport logger. Any out-of-envelope excursion is captured in the receipt record and escalated before the lot is opened. The logger trace is filed against the lot in the GMP file.

  2. 2

    Lot identity check against CoA

    Match the batch number, manufacture date and expiry on the vial label to the per-batch certificate of analysis. Discrepancies hold the lot in quarantine pending vendor reconciliation. The matched CoA is the input-material qualification record.

  3. 3

    CoA acceptance against spec

    Per-batch CoA carries isotopic composition, conductivity, pH, TOC, pyrogen (LAL), sterility, halide / metal / anion panels. Each value is checked against the lot-release spec. Any out-of-spec value holds the lot; in-spec values are signed off as accepted.

  4. 4

    Vial integrity inspection

    Inspect the crimp seal and chlorobutyl septum for tamper evidence; inspect the glass body for cracks, particulates or discolouration. Any failed inspection rejects the vial; passed inspection signs the vial into the working inventory.

  5. 5

    GMP-file lot release

    The signed CoA + transport log + inspection record + lot-release signature are filed against the lot in the cyclotron GMP file. AERB inspection reads this dossier on every routine inspection — it is the chain-of-custody document for every F-18 batch produced from this lot.

  6. 6

    Working-inventory sign-in

    Released lots are added to the working inventory with first-expiry-first-out (FEFO) rotation. Each subsequent target-loading event withdraws from the working inventory and links to the source lot in the per-shot record.

Target loading + recovery — six steps

From vial draw to per-shot record close-out

  1. 1

    Target body preparation

    Verify target body integrity, helium / nitrogen purge as per cyclotron SOP, target foil condition check. Target body issues hold the shot pending engineering — input water is not loaded until the target is qualified.

  2. 2

    Vial draw + transfer

    Draw the target-loading volume from a vial via a sterile dispensing needle into the target-loading syringe. Single-shot or multi-shot draw per site SOP; remaining vial volume is retained for the next shot up to the in-use expiry.

  3. 3

    Per-shot record entry

    The per-shot record captures: lot number, vial number, draw volume, transfer timestamp, operator signature. The shot record links downstream to the F-18 batch QC record and the FDG synthesis record.

  4. 4

    Target loading + beam start

    Load the target via the cyclotron transfer line; verify target full / pressure within nominal; release the shot to the beam-on workflow. Beam-on timestamp captured automatically by the cyclotron control system.

  5. 5

    Post-irradiation recovery

    After beam-off and target cooling, the irradiated water is pushed through an anion-exchange column. F-18 is retained on the column for elution to the synthesis module; depleted target water can be diverted to recovery / recycling or to waste per site protocol.

  6. 6

    Per-shot CoA-to-product chain close-out

    The completed per-shot record links input lot CoA → vial → shot → F-18 batch → downstream radiopharmaceutical batch. AERB inspection traces the chain in both directions — from final product back to input CoA, and from input CoA forward to released doses.

CoA fields — what the inspector reads

Ten fields, ten spec limits, ten reasons each is set

Field Spec limit Why it is set
Isotopic composition (atom %) O-18 ≥ 98 %; O-17 < 3 %; O-16 < 3 % Sets the per-shot F-18 yield via 18O atom-density × cross-section × beam-current × time
Chemical purity (m/m) > 99.99 % Organic / inorganic impurities co-irradiate and produce parasitic radionuclides
Electrical conductivity < 3.0 µS/cm Proxy for ionic-impurity load; gates Na-22 / Co-58 / Cl-38 by-products
pH 6.0–8.0 Protects target body, transfer line and anion-exchange recovery column
Total organic carbon (TOC) < 2.0 mg/L Organic load that would deposit on target body or carbonise under beam
Pyrogen (LAL) < 0.25 EU/mL Bacterial-endotoxin gate; protects downstream radiopharmaceutical product
Sterility test Passed Microbiological gate; bottle sterilised prior to filling and held sealed
Halide panel (F, Cl, Br, I) ND (each < 0.1 mg/L) Halides activate to short-lived halide isotopes that contaminate downstream chemistry
Metal panel (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu, Fe, Zn) ND per panel limit Metal activation produces parasitic radionuclides (e.g. Na-22, Co-58, Mn-54)
Anion panel (PO4, NO3, SO4, NH4) ND Anion / cation panel completes the ionic-impurity-load picture

Spec limits are per-vendor with reference to IAEA TRS 471, Eur.Ph. monograph 1325 (downstream FDG) and AERB cyclotron-facility consumable expectations. Site lot-release SOP locks the spec limits per supply contract.